Functional connectivity changes during migraine treatment with electroacupuncture at Shuaigu (GB8) / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the changes in the functional connectivity (FC) in the right insula between migraine without aura (MWoA) and healthy controls by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), and to observe the instant alteration of FC in MWoA during electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation at Shuaigu (GB8).@*METHODS@#A total of 30 patients with MWoA (PM group) and 30 healthy controls (HC group) underwent rs-fMRI scans. The PM group underwent a second rs-fMRI scan while receiving EA at GB8. The right insula subregions, including the ventral anterior insula (vAI), dorsal anterior insula (dAI) and posterior insula (PI), were selected as the seed points for FC analysis.@*RESULTS@#Aberrant FC, including dAI with right postcentral gyrus, PI with left precuneus, was found among PM before EA (PMa), PM during EA (PMb) and HC. Meanwhile, decreased FC between dAI and the right postcentral gyrus was found in the PMa compared to the HC and PMb. Increased FC between the PI and left precuneus was found in the PMa compared to the HC and PMb. Correlation analysis showed that the FC value of the right postcentral gyrus in PMa was negatively correlated with the scores of Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety. The FC value of the left precuneus in PMa was positively correlated with the visual analogue scale score.@*CONCLUSION@#The alteration of FC between the right insula subregions and multiple brain regions may be an important index for MWoA. EA at GB8 was able to adjust the FC between the right insula subregions and parietal lobe, namely, the right dAI and right postcentral gyrus, and the right PI and left precuneus, thereby rendering an instant effect in the management of MWoA.

Short-term effect of double bundle reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament with total internal short tendon technique / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the method and curative effect of double bundle reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament with total internal short tendon technique.@*METHODS@#From October 2010 to June 2018, 50 patients with simple posterior cruciate ligament rupture were admitted, including 35 males and 15 females, ranging in age from 20 to 45 years old, 16 with acute injury and 34 with old injury. The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) was reconstructed by double bundle technique with the whole internal short tendon. The two ends of the transplanted ligament were fixed by titanium plate suspended with adjustable loop. The Lysholm knee score and IKDC score were used to evaluate the clinical effects.@*RESULTS@#All the 50 patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 6 to 60 months, with a mean of (28.84±9.52) months. At the latest follow up, the knee joint activity returned to normal range. The median value of Lysholm knee score was 54 before operation and 100 after operation. According to the IKDC score, there were 0 case of grade A, 0 case of grade B, 20 cases of grade C and 30 cases of grade D before operation;29 cases of grade A, 19 cases of grade B, 1 case of grade C and 1 case of grade D after operation;the difference was statistically significant (<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Arthroscopic double bundle reconstruction of posterior cruciate ligament with short internal tendon is safe and reliable, with less tendon transplantation, more stable fixation, and more bone reserve, which is beneficial for healing and renovation. The short term effect is positive.

Regulation of androgen on singing behavior and song control system of songbirds / 生理学报

Androgen plays an important role in singing of songbirds. Recent studies have shown that androgen levels in vivo not only affect the external morphology of songbirds, but also affect their singing behavior. Androgens (including derivatives) affect singing behavior and singing system in many ways. Based mainly on the results from our research group in the zebra finch, this review summarizes the effects of androgen on singing behavior, excitability and synaptic transmission of projection neurons of singing system, and the interaction of androgen with other neurotransmitter receptors in the brain of songbirds.

A clinical epidemiological investigation of neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome in southwest Hubei, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical features and outcome of neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in southwest Hubei, China.@*METHODS@#According to the Montreux definition of neonatal ARDS, a retrospective clinical epidemiological investigation was performed on the medical data of neonates with ARDS who were admitted to Department of Neonatology/Pediatrics in 17 level 2 or level 3 hospitals in southwest Hubei from January to December, 2017.@*RESULTS@#A total of 7 150 neonates were admitted to the 17 hospitals in southwest Hubei during 2017 and 66 (0.92%) were diagnosed with ARDS. Among the 66 neonates with ARDS, 23 (35%) had mild ARDS, 28 (42%) had moderate ARDS, and 15 (23%) had severe ARDS. The main primary diseases for neonatal ARDS were perinatal asphyxia in 23 neonates (35%), pneumonia in 18 neonates (27%), sepsis in 12 neonates (18%), and meconium aspiration syndrome in 10 neonates (15%). Among the 66 neonates with ARDS, 10 neonates (15%) were born to the mothers with an age of ≥35 years, 30 neonates (45%) suffered from intrauterine distress, 32 neonates (49%) had a 1-minute Apgar score of 0 to 7 points, 24 neonates (36%) had abnormal fetal heart monitoring results, and 21 neonates (32%) experienced meconium staining of amniotic fluid. Intraventricular hemorrhage was the most common comorbidity (12 neonates), followed by neonatal shock (9 neonates) and patent ductus arteriosus (8 neonates). All 66 neonates with ARDS were treated with mechanical ventilation in addition to the treatment for primary diseases. Among the 66 neonates with ARDS, 10 died, with a mortality rate of 15% (10/66), and 56 neonates were improved or cured, with a survival rate of 85% (56/66).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Neonatal ARDS in southwest Hubei is mostly mild or moderate. Perinatal asphyxia and infection may be the main causes of neonatal ARDS in this area. Intraventricular hemorrhage is the most common comorbidity. Neonates with ARDS tend to have a high survival rate after multimodality treatment.

Influence of femoral neck area on larger anteversion angle of lag screw guide pin initial placement in proximal femoral intramedullary nail fixation / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To invstigate the influence of femoral neck area on larger anteversion angle of lag screw guide pin initial placement in proximal femoral intertrochanteric fracture treated with intramedullary nail.@*METHODS@#From June 2014 to June 2016, 60 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures were treated with intramedullary nail, including 27 males and 33 females with an average age of 75 years old ranging from 49 to 88 years old. The lateral images of femoral neck were divided into areas during operation. The anteversion angle of lag screw guide pin of proximal femoral nail was observed at the time of initial insertion. The incidence of normal and larger was counted and the angle index of influencing factors was recorded.@*RESULTS@#Among 60 patients, the screw guide pins of 23 cases were in the central region of the femoral neck and the anteversion angle was normal;screw guide pins of 37 cases were in the front area of the femoral neck, leading to larger anteversion angle. The single factor analysis showed that the independent variables influence factors of larger anteversion were internal collection of the affected limb, internal rotation of the affected limb, hip elevation and screw guide pin level(<0.05). The multi-factor regression analysis showed that the anteversion angle larger was significantly related to the internal rotation of the affected limb and screw guide pin level, and the screw guide pin level was the most relevant(=0.030).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The internal rotation of the affected limb and screw guide pin level may affect the anteversion angle of femoral neck when lag screw guide pin initial insertion, cause it to be too large and the screw guide pin level is the main influencing factor.

Application of A Dynamic Wrist-hand Orthosis for Upper Limb and Hand Function Rehabilitation in Chronic Stroke Patients / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To observe the effect of grasping training under a dynamic wrist-hand orthosis (Saebo Glove) on upper limb and hand function in chronic stroke patients. Methods:From October, 2018 to January, 2019, eleven patients with hemiplegia in upper limb and hand after chronic stroke were recruited. They received conventional rehabilitation and grasping training under dynamic wrist-hand orthosis for three weeks. They were tested surface electromyography of flexor and extensor muscle of wrist and upper limb, assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremities (FMA-UE), Action Reach Arm Test (ARAT), modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), modified Tardieu Scale (MTS) and Triple Spasticity Scale (TSS), and measured grip force, active range of motion of wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints before and after treatment. Results:The scores of FMA, ARAT and TSS, and active range of motion of wrist flexor improved after treatment (t > 2.739, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Grasping training assisted with dynamic wrist-hand orthosis can improve upper limb and hand function of motor and release spasticity in hemiplegics after chronic stroke.

Incidence of neonatal asphyxia and contributing factors for the develpment of severe asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture: a multicenter study / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the incidence of neonatal asphyxia and possible contributing factors for the development of severe asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, China.@*METHODS@#A total of 16 hospitals in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture were selected as research centers. A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 22 294 live births in these 16 hospitals from January to December, 2016 to investigate the incidence rate of neonatal asphyxia and possible contributing factors for the development of severe asphyxia.@*RESULTS@#Of the 22 294 neonates born alive, 733 (3.29%) were diagnosed with neonatal asphyxia, among whom 627 had mild asphyxia and 106 had severe asphyxia. The neonates with low maternal education level, maternal anemia during pregnancy, chorioamnionitis, abnormal amniotic fluid, abnormal umbilical cord, placenta previa, placental abruption, Tujia Minority, preterm birth, and low birth weight had a higher incidence of severe asphyxia (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The incidence rate of neonatal asphyxia in Hubei Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is higher. Low maternal education level, maternal anemia during pregnancy, chorioamnionitis, abnormal amniotic fluid, abnormal umbilical cord, placenta previa, placental abruption, Tujia Minority, preterm birth, and low birth weight may be related to the development of severe neonatal asphyxia.

Extracts of Celastrus Orbiculatus Inhibit Cancer Metastasis by Down-regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Hypoxia-Induced Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effects of Celastrus Orbiculatus extracts (COE) on metastasis in hypoxia-induced hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.@*METHODS@#The effect of COE (160, 200 and 240 µ g/mL) on cell viability, scratch-wound, invasion and migration were studied by 3-4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), scratch-wound and transwell assays, respectively. CoCl was used to establish a hypoxia model in vitro. Effects of COE on the expressions of E-cadherin, vimentin and N-cadherin were investigated with Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis, respectively.@*RESULTS@#COE inhibited proliferation and metastasis of hypoxia-induced hepatocellular carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). Furthermore, the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related markers were also remarkably suppressed in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). In addition, the upstream signaling pathways, including the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α (Hif-1 α) and Twist1 were suppressed by COE. Additionally, the Hif-1 α inhibitor 3-5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole (YC-1), potently suppressed cell invasion and migration as well as expression of EMT in hypoxia-induced HepG2 cells. Similarly, the combined treatment with COE and YC-1 showed a synergistic effect (P<0.01) compared with the treatment with COE or YC-1 alone in hypoxia-induced HepG2 cells.@*CONCLUSIONS@#COE significantly inhibited the tumor metastasis and EMT by suppressing Hif-1 α/Twist1 signaling pathway in hypoxia-induced HepG2 cell. Thus, COE might have potential effect to inhibit the progression of HepG2 in the context of tumor hypoxia.

Studies on wnt5a inducing differentiation of cardiac progenitor cells to myocardial cells / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of Wnt5a on inducing differentiation of Cp15-5a cell to myocardial cell.Methods Recombinant adenovirus wnt5a (Ad-wnt5a) and Ad-GFP was amplified with human embryo kidney 293 cells (HEK293 cells),and then transfected into CP15-5a cells and 3 experiment groups were set up:wnt5a group,GFP group and blank control group.Flow cytometry was used to detect the transfection efficiency of Ad-wnt5a and Ad-GFP.One week after transfection,the expressions of genes GATA binding protein 4 (GATA4) and myocardial enhancement factor 2C (MEF2C) were analyzed by realtime quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR).Two weeks after transfection,the expressions of cardiac-specific connexin 43 (Cx43) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) in Ad-wnt5a-induced CP15-5a cells were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence techniques.The sodium current expression (INa) was detected by whole cell patch clamp techniques.Results The transfection efficiency of Ad-wnt5a and Ad-GFP was 42.8％ and 44.3％,respectively.One week after transduction,the expressions of GATA4 and MEF2C were significantly higher in wnt5a group (1.717 ± 0.220 and 1.847 ± 0.190) than in GFP group (1.003 ± 0.087 and 0.456 ± 0.042,P＜0.05) and blank control group (0.961 ± 0.063 and 0.500 ± 0.095,P＜0.05),while no significant difference existed between GFP group and blank control group.Two weeks after transduction,the expressions of CX43 and cTnT were significantly higher in wnt5a group (1.597 ± 0.267 and 0.727 ± 0.100) than in GFP group (0.723 ± 0.047 and 0.217 ± 0.021,P＜0.05) and blank control group (0.783 ± 0.1333 and 0.253 ± 0.102,P＜0.01),while no significant difference existed between GFP group and blank control group.INa was detected in the wnt5a group compared with GFP group and blank control group.Conclusion wnt5a may induce differentiation of cp 15-5a cell into myocardial cell.

Central cholinergic system innervates song control system of songbirds and regulates song behavior / 生理学报

Songbird has become an ideal model for studying motor learning due to its unique learned song behavior. It has been proved that song behavior is directly regulated by song control system in the forebrain of songbirds. There are lines of evidence to show that cholinergic transmitters and their receptors are distributed in song control system, and vocal control nuclei in song control system are innervated by cholinergic nerves from the central cholinergic system in basal forebrain, which can affect activities of vocal control nuclei through cholinergic transmitters, and then affect song behavior. Studies in mammals have confirmed that the central cholinergic system is involved in the regulation of motor behavior and neural process of motor learning. Elucidation of regulation of songbirds' song behavior by central cholinergic system would shed light on the neural mechanism of song motor control and song learning and memory in songbirds, and provide theoretical insights for researches on other animals' sensorimotor processes and human language learning. This review summarized recent progresses, including the research work of our laboratory, in the studies on the selectivity of cholinergic transmitters to their receptors and their effects on neuronal activities in vocal control nuclei of songbirds and provided valuable clues for revealing the regulation mechanism of central cholinergic system on songbirds' song behavior.

Application of low tidal volume, apnea ventilation and low PEEP in soft ureteroscope surgery / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To research the application of low tidal volume, apnea ventilation and low PEEP in soft ureteroscope surgery. Methods 80 patients with renal calculi who underwent ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy were randomly divided into tow groups, 40 patients in each group. The observation group was treated with low tidal volume, apnea ventilation and Low PEEP, and the control group was treated with low tidal volume and apnea ventilation. Recorded the HR, MBP, PaCO2, PaO2, Ppeak, A-aDO2, and recorded A-aDO2at pre-anesthesia, preoperation, tracheal extubation, 30 min after tracheal extubation and 24 hours after surgery in tow groups. And observed the trend of RI and CLdyn in tow groups. Results There were no satistically significant differences of HR, MBP, Ppeak and Pmean after recovery and that before apnea in the observation group (P > 0.05); the HR, MBP, Ppeak and Pmean of the observation group was lower than that of the control group after recovery (P < 0.05); the PaO2 of the observation group was higher than that of the control group after recovery (P < 0.05); at tracheal extubation, 30min after tracheal extubation and 24 hours after surgery, the A-aDO2 of the observation group was lower than thatof the control group (P < 0.05); the CLdyn 20 in the observation group was better than that in the control group(P < 0.05). Conclusion In soft ureteroscope surgery, the application of Low tidal volume, apnea ventilation andlow PEEP can ensure the asfe of operation, and maintain the vital aspect, results of blood gas analysis smoothly; andprotect the lung function, promote the recovery of the patients.

Structural changes of gut microbiota after gastric bypass in obese patients with type 2 diabetes / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the structural changes inintestinal flora and metabolic changes in type 2 diabetic patients with obesity(BMI≥40 kg/m)by sequencing the 16S rRNA genes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Stool samples were collected from 4 diabetic patients before and after gastric bypass surgery for extraction of the total DNA. The diversity of the intestinal flora in the samples was investigated by 16S rRNA sequencing. After surgery, the changes in glucose and lipid metabolism were evaluated in the patients, and the changesin body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio were assessed at 3 month intervals.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After gastric bypass, the patient's BMI, waist to hip ratio, glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism gradually recovered the normal levels. The proportion of Bacteroidetesis increased and the proportions of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria decreased in the intestinal bacteria after the surgery.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gastric bypass surgery can effectively alleviate the condition of obese patients with type 2 diabetes and improve the composition of the intestinal flora.</p>

Efficacy of two bariatric surgeries in type 2 diabetic patients with a body mass index of 25-27.5 / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the therapeutic effects of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and laparoscopic duodenal-jejunal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADJB-SG) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a low body mass index (BMI) of 25-27.5.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-one type 2 diabetic patients with a BMI of 25-27.5 underwent bariatric surgeries in the General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command between August, 2013 and August, 2015. The patients receiving LRYGB (17 cases) and SADJB-SG (14 cases) were compared for physical indexes, glucose metabolism and of pancreatic islet function at 1 year after the surgeries.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No mortality occurred in the patients after the operations. At 1 year after the operation, the patients in LRYGB group showed significant improvements in body weight, BMI, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), oral glucose tolerance test 2 h (OGTT2h), C-peptide, fasting insulin (FINS), and postprandial 2 hour insulin (2 hPINS) (P<0.05); in SADJB-SG group, significant improvements were observed in the body weigh, BMI, HbA1c, FPG, OGTT2h, and FINS after the operation (P<0.05). The postoperative improvements in body weigh, BMI, HbA1c, FPG, OGTT2h, C-peptide, and 2hPINS were comparable between SADJB-SG group and LRYGB group (P>0.05), but the incidence of postoperative anastomotic ulcer was lower in SADJB-SG group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SADJB-SG and LRYGB produce similar therapeutic effects in type 2 diabetic patients with a low BMI, but SADJB-SG is associated with a low incidence of postoperative complications and is therefore more suitable in such patients.</p>

Effects of androgens on the long-term depression of HVC-RA pathway in adult male zebra finches / 生理学报

Androgens can affect the singing behavior via regulating the song control system. In the present study, the effect of androgen on the synaptic plasticity of high vocal center (HVC)-robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA) pathway was investigated through electrophysiological recording in vivo. We divided the adult male zebra finches into control, castration and castration plus testosterone implantation groups. The changes of long-term depression (LTD) and the paired-pulse facilitation in HVC-RA pathway induced by high-frequency (400 Hz, 2 s) stimulation of HVC were recorded, respectively. The results showed that high-frequency stimulation could effectively induce LTD in control group, but only evoke short-term depression in the castration group. In castration plus testosterone implantation group, LTD was restored. The paired-pulse facilitation was not obvious in the castration group, whereas it was significantly improved in the control and castration plus testosterone implantation groups. These results suggest that androgens may maintain the stability of song by influencing the level of LTD in HVC-RA pathway in adult male zebra finches, and androgens can affect the short-term synaptic plasticity of HVC-RA pathway.

An analysis on the effect of community management of multi - drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients on treatment outcome / 预防医学

Objective To explore the outcome and its influencing factors of the Multi - drug resistant tuberculosis(MDR -TB)patients with community management,and to provide the scientific basis for the further implementation of the community management of MDR - TB patients. Methods Retrospective study was conducted on MDR - TB patients diagnosed and treated with MDR - TB from January 2009 to June 2012 and the patientsˊ willingness and influence factors of outcome in community management were analyzed. Results 220 MDR - TB patients were under community management and the cute rate was 65. 91% . The cure rate of patients with degree in college or above ,occupation for workers,new type of patients,patients with no adverse reactions during drug injection therapy was relatively high. The cure rate of the patients who injected in home(86. 67% )was higher than who injected in community(68. 15% )and others (54. 84% ). The cure rate of the patients whose injection distance from home ≤5 km(67. 74% )was higher than whose injection distance from home ﹥ 5 km(36. 36% ). The cure rate of the patients with community doctor/ nurse follow - up management(70. 39% )was higher than those who without community doctor/ nurse follow - up management(55. 88% ). Through the analysis of needs for the community management,the results showed that 65. 91% of the patients were willing to accept the injection in the community,and 94. 09% patients chose medication at home. Conclusion The cute rate of MDR - TB patients should be improved in community management . In the future ,we should pay more attention to the patientsˊ needs in the development of community management for MDR - TB patients according to the actual situation,and to further strengthen the psychological support and community care for MDR - TB patients.

Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis Burden among the New Tuberculosis Patients in Zhejiang Province: An Observational Study, 2009-2013 / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Screening on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has been limited to the serious TB subpopulations excluding the new TB patients. This study aimed to examine MDR-TB burden among the new TB patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We conducted a study in Zhejiang Province during 2009-2013 to screen for MDR-TB patients among the low MDR-TB risk patients and five subpopulations of high MDR-TB risk patients. The number, prevalence, and trend of MDR-TB were compared while the logistic regression model was used to examine risk factors related to MDR-TB.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 200 and 791 MDR-TB cases were, respectively, identified from the 9830 new TB cases and 2372 high-risk suspects who took MDR-TB screening from 2009 to 2013. The MDR-TB rates went down in both of the new TB patients and five MDR-TB high-risk groups over the study time, but the percentage of MDR-TB patients identified from the new TB patients in all diagnosed MDR-TB cases kept stable from 28.3% in 2011 to 27.0% in 2012 to 26.0% in 2013.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The study indicated that MDR-TB burden among new TB patients was high, thus screening for MDR-TB among the new TB patients should be recommended in China as well as in the similar situation worldwide.</p>

Application of Enhanced MR Multi-Phase Dynamic Scanning with 3D-VIBE Sequence in Hepatocellular Carcinoma / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective]To investigate the value of multi-phase dynamic enhanced MR scanning with 3D-VIBE sequence in HCC by comparing with enhanced multiple slice computer tomography(MSCT)scanning.[Method]23 patients who were pathologi?cally proven of HCC,and underwent both abdominal enhanced 3.0T MR multi-phase dynamic scanning with 3D-VIBE sequence and enhanced MSCT scanning were enrolled. The enhancement features of HCC on enhanced MR multi-phase dynamic scanning and en?hanced CT scanning were compared.[Results]There were 23 lesions confirmed by pathology. All the 23 lesions were detected by en?hanced MR multi-phase dynamic scanning with 3D-VIBE sequence,and 21 lesions were detected by enhanced MSCT scanning. The enhanced features of"fast enhanced and fast washout"in HCC can be observed more frequently on enhanced MR multi-phase dynam?ic scanning with 3D-VIBE sequence than enhanced MSCT scanning (78.3% vs 54.5%). Obvious enhancement feature can be ob?served more frequently on the enhanced MR multi-phase dynamic scanning when the tumor diameter ≤ 3 cm(P=0.037).[Conclu?sion]The enhanced MR multi-phase dynamic scanning with 3D-VIBE sequence can greatly improve the sensitivity and accuracy of HCC diagnosis,especially for the small HCC(tumor diameter≤3 cm).

Development of an XBP1 agonist, HLJ2, as a potential therapeutic agent for ulcerative colitis / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To identify the valid targets and new drugs of ulcerative colitis (UC), a recurrent and intractable inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS and RESULTS In an in vivo mouse model of DSS-induced colitis, HLJ2 decreased weight loss, colon contracture, disease activity index (DAI), colon mucosa damage index (CMDI) and histopathological index (HI). HLJ2 also decreased myelo?peroxidase(MPO) activity and reduced production of the inflammatory cytokines TNF- α, IL- 1β, andIL- 6. HLJ2 improved intestinal mucosa damage induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and increased the expression of ZO-1 and claudin-1. Fecal 16s rRNA high-throughput sequencing demon?strated a significant improvement in UC intestinal dysbacteriosis in mice treated with HLJ2, including increased abundance of probiotics such as Lachnospiraceae, Prevotellaceae, and Lactobacillaceae. At the same time there was a reduction in the abundance of pathogenic or conditional pathogenic microor?ganisms such as Bacteroidaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Deferribacteraceae, and Pseudomonadaceae in HLJ2- treated mice compared with untreated mice. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that the XBP1 agonist HLJ2 inhibits inflammation, regulates the intestinal flora, and protects the intestinal mucosa. It is thus a potential therapeutic agent for ulcerative colitis.

Gait characteristics of patients with sciatica / 医用生物力学

Objective To analyze and summarize the gait characteristics of patients with sciatica, so as to assist with diagnosis and evaluation for such patients in clinic. Methods Forty-three patients with lumbar disc herniation accompanied by siatica were fitted with portable gait analyzer, and required to walk at the self-selected comfortable speed for a distance of 120 m. Forty-three healthy subjects with matched age, gender and body mass index (BMI) were recruited as control. The gait data including 7 spatial-temporal parameters (single-support duration, double-support duration, ratio of single-support duration to double-support duration, duration of gait cycle, step speed, step frequency, step length) and 4 acceleration parameters (pulling acceleration, swing power, ground impact, foot fall) were collected to compare the gait differences between patients and healthy subjects, as well as between affected and healthy limbs of patients. Results The single-support duration, ratio of single-support duration to double-support duration, step speed, step frequency, step length and four acceleration parameters of patients with sciatica were obviously smaller than those of healthy subjects, while the double-support duration of patients with sciatica was increased. The affected limb of patients with sciatica showed a significant decrease in single-support duration, step frequency and all four acceleration parameters but increase in step length as compared to their healthy limbs. Conclusions Patients with sciatica have significant gait abnormalities due to their affected limbs, which influence their walking ability. Portable gait analyzer can be used for objectively characterizing the walking abnormalities of patients, so as to provide additional information for the clinical diagnosis and evaluation.

An analysis on the risk factors of discontinued therapy among patients with multi -drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis / 预防医学

Objective To analyze the basic characteristics of the therapy discontinued patients with multi -drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR -TB)and to find the causes of therapy discontinuing.Methods Using case -control study method,a questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze the causes of MDR -TB in the treatment of interruption,and to compare the characteristics with the treatment completed patients,and to analyze the risk factors of discontinued therapy among MDR -TB patients.Results The study included 45 cases of therapy discontinued MDR -TB patients,and 45 cases of MDR -TB patients who had completed the treatment as the control.Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that patients with over 65 years old(OR =8.69,95% CI =1.12,67.57),leak medication or drug withdrawal experience (OR =53.18,95% CI =5.90,479.27),were the risk factors of discontinued therapy(P <0.05).Patients with hospitalization for over 15 days was the protective factors for discontinued therpy(OR =0.09,95% CI =0.01,0.58), (P <0.05).Conclusion advanced age≥65 years old,low income,leak medication or drug withdrawal experience short hospitalization periods were related to the risk of MDR -TB patients therapy discontinuing.were the key targets for patient management in the future.